This article needs to be updated.(January 2022) |
Deep brain stimulation | |
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Specialty | Neurosurgery |
MeSH | D046690 |
MedlinePlus | 007453 |
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a surgical procedure that implants a neurostimulator and electrodes which sends electrical impulses to specified targets in the brain responsible for movement control. The treatment is designed for a range of movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia, as well as for certain neuropsychiatric conditions like obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and epilepsy.[1] The exact mechanisms of DBS are complex and not entirely clear, but it is known to modify brain activity in a structured way.[2]
DBS has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration as a treatment for essential tremor and Parkinson's disease (PD) since 1997.[3] DBS was approved for dystonia in 2003,[4] obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) in 2009, and epilepsy in 2018.[5][6][7] DBS has been studied in clinical trials as a potential treatment for chronic pain for various affective disorders, including major depression. It is one of few neurosurgical procedures that allow blinded studies.[1] DBS is now being considered to be a possible treatment for drug addiction.
The first device, Medtronic's Activa Deep Brain Stimulation Therapy System, was approved in 1997 for tremor associated with essential tremor and Parkinson's disease.
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